Eczema in infants and kids

It is estimated that 10% of Australian children under 5 suffer from eczema. In most cases symptoms start in babies between 2 to 6 months of age.

The itchiness of eczema in children is very distressing. It takes constant care to keep them from scratching and aggravating the affected area. If a child is unable to stop scratching the eczema can worsen to a severe state. Once skin breaks, it is far more prone to secondary infection and may require specific medication to treat.

Your doctor should be consulted from early onset of symptoms of rashes, itchiness and flaking skin. The sooner signs of eczema are spotted in a child, the earlier they can be treated to keep the skin from erupting into severe symptoms or flare.

A common form of treatment is topical steroid cream or ointment to reduce inflammation and itch. These are available in various strengths and most are prescribed by a doctor. They are effective short-term solutions and generally only used for short periods of time. For infants over 3 months, early and regular treatment with a steroid-free cream and following the general tips below can prevent progression to flares. Ask your doctor for an exact diagnosis and what is available to treat early symptoms in your child.

Infants are often irritable from lack of sleep and constant fretting over their itchy skin condition. It can be especially difficult to soothe or calm a baby through these uncomfortable times. Gentle massage, especially when applying a moisturiser, can be relaxing for both parent and child.

Basic irritant prevention can help. Tips include:

• Do not use soaps for cleansing. Use milder soap alternatives.
• Avoid hot baths. Lukewarm for only a few minutes is better.
• Avoid rubbing with a towel: gently pat dry instead.
• Dress a child in 100% cotton, avoiding synthetic fabrics or wool.
• Use 100% cotton bedding.
• Avoid wool blankets and rugs.
• Keep the child from becoming overheated.
• Keep rooms at even temperatures.
• Avoid pets on beds or furniture (or if possible, in the home).
• Keep the child’s fingernails cut short and clean.
• To help prevent scratching at night, consider covering hands with mittens or socks.
• Avoid talcum powders.
• Apply moisturisers after baths and throughout the day.
• Avoid harsh laundry detergents and fabric softeners.
• Wash any new clothing to soften and remove residual dyes.
• Avoid environmental irritants like tobacco smoke or pollens.

Strategies for managing eczema include:

• Find ways to distract them from scratching.
• Learn what environmental triggers tend to set off an eczema flare.
• Educate friends and family about the condition with Helpful Resources.

The good news is most children outgrow eczema by the age of six. Meanwhile, manage the condition with the right prevention and therapy as part of your everyday routine.

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